Kaisa Pekkala

Helsinki and FCAI will host a new ELLIS unit for top AI research

Finnish artificial intelligence research received a significant acknowledgement. Finnish Center for Artificial Intelligence FCAI will host one of the new European units of top AI research, as the European Laboratory for Learning and Intelligent Systems will establish one of its first units in Finland.

The first ELLIS units were announced at the ELLIS assembly on 10 December as a part of the NeurIPS 2019 conference. From left to right: Yoshua Bengio, Bernhard Schölkopf, Nuria Olivier, Matthias Bethge, Max Welling, Director of FCAI Samuel Kaski, Se…

The first ELLIS units were announced at the ELLIS assembly on 10 December as a part of the NeurIPS 2019 conference. From left to right: Yoshua Bengio, Bernhard Schölkopf, Nuria Olivier, Matthias Bethge, Max Welling, Director of FCAI Samuel Kaski, Sepp Hochreiter, and Yann LeCun.

ELLIS is a pan-European effort initiated in 2018 to secure the excellence of European machine learning research. It aims to ensure that Europe continues to be competitive with big economies, such as the US and China, and benefit from the newest findings of AI research. 

With the units, ELLIS wants to strengthen European AI research and collaboration between European researchers.

The unit will be founded in Aalto University and the University of Helsinki and hosted by the Finnish Center for Artificial Intelligence FCAI. Samuel Kaski, the Director of FCAI and Academy Professor at Aalto University, sees this as an excellent opportunity to boost basic AI research, which is the basis of all AI-related applications and impact. “Finland is very strong in AI research, and this new status is one indication of that.”

Professor Kaski believes that the ELLIS unit helps Finland to maintain its position as an attractive destination for top-level international researchers. It also gives current AI researchers in Finland more reasons to stay.

ELLIS aims to offer European researchers outstanding opportunities to carry out their research in Europe, and to nurture the next generation of young researchers in the important field of AI. All ELLIS units will arrange visits and events as well as provide funding for doctoral students in the ELLIS PhD programme.

The other cities selected to host a unit are Alicante, Amsterdam, Copenhagen, Darmstadt, Delft, Freiburg, Linz, Lausanne, Leuven, Oxford, Prague, Saarbrücken, Tel Aviv, Tübingen, Vienna, and Zürich.

Read more
Press release at the ELLIS Society homepage

Further information
Samuel Kaski
Professor, Aalto University
Director, FCAI
Phone +358 50 3058 694
samuel.kaski at aalto.fi

Click photo to see more photos from the ELLIS assembly.

Jaakko Lehtinen receives an ERC Consolidator Grant of nearly 2 million euros

The European Research Council Consolidator Grant goes to Professor Jaakko Lehtinen for a project to build a computer that 'sees' the real world much better than the current methods do.

Photo: Matti Ahlgren / Aalto University

Photo: Matti Ahlgren / Aalto University

Jaakko Lehtinen, Associate Professor at Aalto University’s department of Computer Science, will receive a 1.9 million euro Consolidator Grant from the European Research Council (ERC).

The ERC funding was awarded to Lehtinen’s project Learning Pixel-Perfect 3D Vision and Generative Modeling (PIPE) for five years. The significant grant allows him and his research group to focus on studying how to bring models based on machine vision, machine learning, and physics together. Lehtinen hopes that the new funding attracts top-level postdoctoral researchers to his group. ‘We are talking about things that haven’t been yet demonstrated in almost any way. In that sense, our goals are very ambitious,’ he says.

To give an example, a machine can spot a tiger by its stripes – not its cat-like shape. GAN models, which Lehtinen and his colleagues helped develop, can generate very realistic human faces, but we cannot ask those models to tell what a face shape is based on those photos.

In the ERC-granted research project, Lehtinen studies the most fundamental questions of machine vision research – how can we teach a machine to perceive the world as animals do? – and his work can be used to help improve AI applications like robots.

Current robots only function well in environments in which conditions never change. That means that the robots’ skills are not generalizable: If we teach a machine to clean an apartment, it will not be able to do the task if we ever rearranged the furniture, let alone clean someone else’s apartment.

Creating AI that can operate with humans in a real, complex world is one of the main goals of the Finnish Centre for Artificial Intelligence (FCAI) initiated by Aalto University, University of Helsinki, and VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. Lehtinen is actively contributing to FCAI’s operations.

Findings answers to the research questions on which Lehtinen and his group focus helps to take game and film productions steps further. Currently, designing for example 3D environments of games is very laborious, slow, and expensive. ‘Should we succeed in all this, we will come up with something that has never been seen before.’

The ERC Consolidator Grants are awarded to outstanding researchers of any nationality and age, with seven to twelve years of experience after obtaining a doctoral degree, and a scientific track record showing great promise.

Lehtinen graduated as a Doctor of Science (in Technology) from the Helsinki University of Technology in 2007 after which he worked as a postdoctoral researcher at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) for three years. Aalto University appointed him as an Associate Professor in 2012, and in addition, he works as a Principal Research Scientist at NVIDIA.

 

Further information

Jaakko Lehtinen
Associate Professor, Aalto University
jaakko.lehtinen at aalto.fi

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Unlock the Power of Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence is shaping our reality at an unprecedented pace. To succeed in this brave new world, business and technology developers must understand how to best harness its potential. The Diploma in Artificial Intelligence program helps meet this need.

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Artificial intelligence is everywhere. Most of us interact with AI on a daily basis, whether it's voice assistants on our smartphones, customer service chatbots on a website, Amazon recommendations, or search results on Google. In business, AI offers a virtually limitless number of opportunities – and disrupts more or less every process along the way. 

To succeed on the new playing field, organizations and individuals need new technological skills and a clear grasp of what artificial intelligence is and how to leverage its power. The Diploma in Artificial Intelligence program meets this need by giving you an in-depth understanding of the topic and helps you apply contemporary AI technologies.

"The program will give you the tools to increase your organization's AI maturity by leaps and bounds," says Teemu Roos, one of the program's instructors, Associate Professor at the Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, and Leader of AI Education at Finnish Center for Artificial Intelligence FCAI.

The Diploma in AI is a joint effort between Aalto PROUniversity of Helsinki Centre for Continuing Education HY+, and FCAI.

"Our collaboration with FCAI has been excellent. We've joined forces to build AI expertise in the business community. Bringing together AI expertise from both the academia and industry, FCAI is a natural partner for us," says Jonni Junkkari, Solutions Director, Aalto PRO.

"We take a rather detailed and technical approach to some topics, but our main objective is to give the participants an overview of the AI development life cycle so that they know what's involved and what skills are needed. They may never again do any coding themselves, but it's easier to communicate with the actual developers when you understand the data acquisition challenges and technological limitations and have an idea of how to turn the technology into business," says Roos.

Tapio Kuusisto, Diploma in AI Alumni and Director, Architecture, Data & Analytics at Outotec, a Finnish minerals and metals processing technology and service company, agrees.

"I enrolled in the program to stay relevant professionally. AI is everywhere, and when your job involves enterprise or ICT architecture, you simply have to understand it better than the average Joe, if only to be able to understand what's what when people try to sell you their 'revolutionary' AI solutions and services," Kuusisto says.

 

Become an AI pioneer

The program consists of six two-day study modules with intensive in-class sessions and learning by doing. Topics include fundamentals of data and AI and cutting-edge AI technologies and applications ranging from analytics to modern deep learning models. There are also case presentations by leading organizations.

Roos promises that after completing the program, participants will feel empowered and on top of all things AI.  

"The program gives people a confidence boost, making them ready to learn even more and become AI pioneers in their organizations," Roos says.

The mandatory modules are complemented by elective modules, giving the participants the chance to select between a technical study track requiring programming skills or a business study track focusing on business applications. Individual exercises and project work enable the participants to apply their newly-acquired skills to their daily work right away and figure out what is really relevant for their organization. 

In his project work, Kuusisto focused on text analytics, which turned out to be a good choice.

"As an example, Outotec is often approached by startups offering text analysis applications. Now I know what to ask them, for example, about language capabilities. For us, Finnish and English are not enough. We need, for example, German, Portuguese, Swedish, and Spanish, too. The challenges related to text analysis, such as what is easy, what is difficult and so forth became quite clear," Kuusisto mentions. 

As AI is a hot topic and has been for a while, there are numerous books and online courses available on the subject. Nevertheless, both Roos and Kuusisto emphasize that participating in the Diploma in AI program is a whole different ballgame. Not only do you get personal sparring, but the six-month time span gives you time to reflect on what you're learning.

"Participating in a program like this gives you the impetus and forces you to set aside time for learning. It's definitely a plus," says Kuusisto.

 

Going the extra mile

The program is targeted at programmers and developers, product managers, business development managers and directors, deployment managers, software architects, and IT managers and directors.

"It's not a magic bullet, but it gives you a profound understanding of what's possible and what's not," Kuusisto says.

He also applauds the teachers for their high standard and varied approaches.

"We are very proud of this program, and it's a big investment for us. It's not often that you see such high-caliber academic researchers teaching a program like this," says Roos.

For Kuusisto, the program exceeded all expectations. It took some doing on his part, too.

"I really went the extra mile to reach the next level. I have never coded for a living but I believe that you should have an in-depth understanding of the things you're in charge for. That's why I decided to learn Python to see how AI applications are done. Soon I noticed that I can build machine learning solutions by myself."

FCAI activities are well underway

Following the Academy of Finland Flagship status granted in the beginning of 2019, a lot of great things are going on in FCAI: excellent research is taking place and our flagship activities and organization are now getting their shape step by step. This fall, FCAI will advance many of its central functions, including Research Programmes and Highlights, and organize several events.

Tackling the shortcomings of the current AI and demonstrating the impact

The core of FCAI is formed around its goal-driven research programs. They are designed to pursue the ambitious goal of FCAI: to create AI methods and systems that are data efficient, trustworthy, and understandable. The first five programs have started their operations this year and two new programs are now in a ramp-up phase. The new programs, Autonomous AI and AI in Society, will further advance FCAI’s research mission by building fundamental AI solutions to enable diverse applications and tackling questions of societal change brought by AI development. To further concretize the impact AI brings in to various disciplines, FCAI has launched five multidisciplinary FCAI Highlights. The Highlights are run in close collaboration with the Research Programs and they aim to provide concrete AI-based solutions to illustrate the scientific and socio-economic impact of the Research Programs.

We welcome everyone to FCAI Community event on 21 October to get more information about FCAI. You can also approach the respective coordinating professor to learn more about the FCAI Research Programs and Highlights.

Growing community: FCAI Special Interest Groups and AIX Forum

To further serve the multidisciplinary AI ecosystem, we are also developing other mechanisms to engage in FCAI, aimed at people from our host organizations as well as from elsewhere.

During the fall we will introduce FCAI Special Interest Groups (SIGs) to gather people around a common theme of interest, e.g. a specific sub-field of AI or an application area of AI. We have three SIG pilots, FCAI SIG in Language, Speech and Cognition, FCAI SIG in Health, and FCAI SIG in 6G and AI – and more will soon be initiated. 

We are also excited to present a new transdisciplinary series, AIX Forum. AIX Forum is designed to function as a meeting place for people applying AI in their specific domain, people working in similar problems in some other domain, and people actively developing new AI tools and methods that can potentially be applied in these domains. The first AIX Forum AI and Traffic was organized in September in collaboration with The Traffic Research Unit (University of Helsinki). Several other AIX seminars will be organized during the fall extending also outside the capital area.


AI Day 2018 brought together over 550 people from academia, industry and public sector to exchange knowledge and ideas on AI. Photo: Matti Ahlgren

AI Day 2018 brought together over 550 people from academia, industry and public sector to exchange knowledge and ideas on AI. Photo: Matti Ahlgren

Creative collaboration of academia, industry, and public sector

Alongside with top-quality research FCAI aims to create high impact with close collaboration with industry and public sector. 

We are very proud of our versatile collaboration with various partners and are keen to strengthen this ecosystem even further. FCAI is actively growing its partner network. Most recently we have started cooperation with Neste and the City of Helsinki in summer 2019. We will also soon launch a streamlined FCAI membership model to better answer the needs and wishes of our members and researchers.

In November FCAI will organize the annual AI Day to bring together researchers, companies, students and the public sector to exchange ideas and to form news contacts in the fast-developing field of AI. The popular event will take place in Otaniemi on November 26. You can read more about AI Day here. The registration will open soon with an early bird registration option, so stay tuned!

In parallel with the close cross-sector collaboration, FCAI focuses on educational efforts to make the impact AI creates in society more understandable and accessible for everyone. One of our biggest goals on this front includes the initiative to provide basic AI literacy for all. This ambitious objective has been most notably advanced by the hugely popular MOOC Elements of AI that has reached almost 200 000 registered participants from more than 100 countries. The course was translated into Finnish in early 2019 and translations into other languages, including German and Swedish, as well as two follow-up courses are in preparation.

How to get involved?

Do you want to contribute to our mission? Please feel free to join our mailing list, to register as FCAI Community Member or come to our events to learn more!


FCAI RESEARCH AND IMPACT IN A NUTSHELL

Contact information at https://fcai.fi/organization/#research

FCAI Research Programs and coordinating professors 

R1: Agile probabilistic AI, Aki Vehtari
R2: Simulator-based inference, Jukka Corander
R3: Next-generation data-efficient deep learning, Harri Valpola and Alexander Ilin
R4: Privacy-preserving and secure AI, Antti Honkela
R5: Interactive AI, Antti Oulasvirta
R6: Autonomous AI, Ville Kyrki
R7: AI in society, Petri Ylikoski

 

FCAI Highlights and coordinating professors

A: Easy and privacy-preserving modeling tools, Arto Klami
B: AI-driven health, Pekka Marttinen
C: Intelligent service assistant for people in Finland, Tommi Mikkonen
D: Intelligent urban environment, Kai Puolamäki
E: AI-driven design of materials, Patrick Rinke

 

Major upcoming events

21 October: FCAI Community Event
26 November: AI Day 2019

See more upcoming events at https://fcai.fi/events





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FCAI receives the Aalto Research Impact Award 2019

Aalto University recognized FCAI at the Opening Ceremony of the Academic Year by granting the Aalto Research Impact Award 2019 to the FCAI team. Aalto Impact awards recognize outstanding impact and they are given for the excellent work done during the previous academic year.

FCAI is a joint effort of an active community. We appreciate that Aalto University recognised the achievements of the big team who has started the initiative. FCAI is still expanding and developing new ways to contribute to the research and impact and we are hoping to see even more talents joining FCAI in future.

In the same ceremony, FCAI Manager Outi Kivekäs was granted the Aalto Success Enabler Award 2019 for the work done with her earlier team concerning the Academy of Finland profiling funding applications.

Read more in the Aalto University news:

https://www.aalto.fi/en/news/eight-teams-awarded-at-the-opening-ceremony

 

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How is AI re­vo­lu­tion­iz­ing traffic? A new series of events shows prac­tical im­pacts of AI in our lives

AIX Forum, a new series of events, brings AI developers and users together. The aim of the AIX Forum is to find new ways to make use of AI in different areas of society.

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This autumn, FCAI will launch new AIX Forum events that seek new ways to apply AI in practice. The first event of the series on traffic will take place on September 4 in Helsinki.

The mission of FCAI researchers is to develop AI applications that answer real-life needs in different areas of life. The new train of events wants to find new practical solutions for those needs.

“AI applications challenge common practices in many fields, and the pace of change is fast. At AIX Forum events, researchers who focus on AI or other topics, companies and public sector representatives can find new ways to make use of AI,” says Petri Myllymäki, Vice Director of FCAI and Professor of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning at the University of Helsinki.

Most AIX Forum events consist of three parts and will be held in English. The events typically start with a few, brief speeches in which experts from different fields present a problem that could be solved by using AI. The speeches are followed by panel discussions during which AI researchers and developers, together with the speakers, seek solutions for the presented problems. At the end of each event, there will be time for networking.

Traffic as the first X

The abbreviation AIX is derived from the term artificial intelligence and the letter X, which represents an application area of AI. FCAI organizes the first event, AI and Traffic, together with the Traffic Research Unit of the University of Helsinki.

The first event looks into traffic-related AI applications and relevant research from different perspectives. The goal is to find interesting research questions within the smart traffic technology discipline and estimate what type of broad, societal impact technology has on traffic development.

“In traffic, automation and algorithms change the traditional driver-vehicle setting in a fundamental way. This doesn’t apply only to the technology behind vehicles, instead also traffic planning, driver training, and traffic education will change,” says Otto Lappi, the Group Leader of the Traffic Research Unit and Discipline Coordinator of Cognitive Science.

“Human intelligence and AI will, for the first time, share a common, physical environment, and from the cognitive science perspective, this change comes with fundamental, complex, and still mainly unknown questions regarding how the informational workload will be divided between humans and computers,” adds Lappi.

The event is aimed at researchers focusing on traffic, transportation planning, traffic safety, automated vehicles, traffic infrastructure, or traffic education, and for anyone interested in these research topics. In the future, FCAI plans to organize AIX events around Finland. The future events will focus on AI in civil service and AI in medicine, among other topics.

Read more about AI Forum: AI and Traffic seminar here.

Further information

Petri Myllymäki
Vice Director of FCAI
Professor of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning, University of Helsinki
+358 40 553 1162
petri.myllymaki at helsinki.fi

Otto Lappi
Discipline Coordinator, Cognitive Science
Traffic Research Unit of the University of Helsinki
+358 29 412 9674
otto.lappi at helsinki.fi

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FCAI and Aalto EE have joined forces for programs around AI

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Aalto University Executive Education (Aalto EE) and the Finnish Center of Artificial Intelligence FCAI are cooperating in AI training programs that are designed for executives, managers, and experts from different organizations. The programs have proven to be an impactful way of learning while working. The first deliveries of the programs have received excellent feedback and the next programs are coming up in the fall. 

Artificial Intelligence in Business

An intensive two-day program “Tekoäly liiketoiminnassa – teknologiasta strategiaan” provides leaders with a practical and comprehensive overview of artificial intelligence, data, and emerging business models and their impact on strategy, operations, and leadership. Taught by leading researchers in the field, the program focuses on issues such as the applications of artificial intelligence, the prerequisites for its implementation, and the strengths of people and AI. The program is held in Finnish.

Diploma in Artificial Intelligence

The Diploma in Artificial Intelligence gives you an in-depth understanding of the latest AI technologies and methods and how to apply them. The program is taught by experts from leading research organizations and includes keynotes from leading companies in industry. It is a joint program from Aalto PRO, University of Helsinki HY+ and the Finnish Center for Artificial Intelligence FCAI.

According to Suunto’s Program Quality Manager Ville Halkola, the program opened up the huge potential and possibilities of AI in a very concrete way. Read more here.

More information

Jonni Junkkari, Solutions Director,
Aalto University Executive Education
jonni.junkkari@aaltoee.fi
tel. +358 10 837 3860

 

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Finland Offers AI Training to Inmates

Photo: Matti Ahlgren / Aalto University

Photo: Matti Ahlgren / Aalto University

Finland has taken an important step in supporting artificial intelligence education of inmates. All inmates in Finnish prisons have now access to the Elements of AI online course, a widely popular introductory course on artificial intelligence.

The inmates can access the course by using prison workstations or test devices of the Smart Prison Project.

The Smart Prison Project is currently one of the most central projects of the Criminal Sanctions Agency. It aims to facilitate access to online services for inmates. The goal is that each inmate in Hämeenlinna women’s prison would get their own device to their prison cell.

The devices used for the project are currently tested at two prisons in cities of Hämeenlinna and Turku. Project manager Pia Puolakka recently visited Turku prison and met inmates testing the devices.

“The test group has around 10 people who have all received an individual device. A number of them displayed their interest in taking this course,” says Puolakka.

 

Free courses on timely topics help to tackle social problems

Earlier this year, the Criminal Sanctions Agency started collaboration with the technology company Vainu. In the project, Vainu offers inmates a chance to work by classifying data to train artificial intelligence algorithms.

“After we launched the Vainu project, we were thinking, how we can also support education and reskilling of the inmates concerning this timely topic. Then it crossed my mind that we could try this course out,” says Puolakka.

The Criminal Sanctions Agency believes that offering artificial intelligence training to inmates is important. Understanding artificial intelligence and how it can be applied becomes increasingly important in the future.

“This is an easy way to get familiar with the topic. I’ve even started doing the course myself. It provides a lot of useful information.”

Puolakka points out that, in terms of digitalization, people from different social backgrounds are often in unequal positions. She believes that courses like Elements of AI are one way of tackling these types of problems.

“The fact that universities offer free online courses that are easy to access and focus on timely topics, is excellent.”

The lead instructor of the Elements of AI, Associate Professor Teemu Roos from the University of Helsinki agrees. He finds it very important that the course is also available in prisons.

“Access to education is a human right and people in exceptional life situations need special attention. We have been working hard to reach out beyond the highly educated and tech-savvy audiences of typical online courses.”

 

Facilitating non-experts’ understanding of AI

The Elements of AI course has been designed to be easy to understand by non-experts. It requires no programming or complex mathematical skills. In addition to the basic principles of AI, the course focuses on societal implications, including threats to privacy and the changing work life.

“It doesn’t matter if you’re behind the bars, AI is affecting everyone’s life. There are also important ethical and political questions concerning the use of AI. What we are trying to do is support the public discourse by making the topic easier to understand by non-experts,” says Roos.

The free online course, Elements of AI, is organized by the Finnish Center for Artificial Intelligence FCAI and IT consultancy company Reaktor. FCAI is a nation-wide competence center for Artificial Intelligence in Finland, initiated by Aalto University, University of Helsinki, and VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland.

Launched in May 2018, Elements of AI soon became the most popular course ever offered by the University of Helsinki. Currently, the course that attendees can take in three languages – English, Finnish and Swedish – has 170,000 registered users. People from 110 countries have already completed the course.

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FCAI brings its expertise to the development project of Finnish language resources

FCAI partner Vake Oy – a state-owned investment and development company in Finland –  launches its development program for Finnish artificial intelligence in May 2019. The first project aims to create Finnish language resources (application libraries, language models, and training materials) needed by developers of artificial intelligence devices and software requiring man-machine interaction in Finnish. The final goal is to develop components enabling the use of Finnish in artificial intelligence alongside the major languages of the world. The work begins with a preliminary study conducted by Vake Oy, the Department of Digital Humanities at the University of Helsinki, the FIN-CLARIN consortium, the Aalto University, Business Finland, and the Technology Industries of Finland to establish development priorities. FCAI contributes by bringing strong research expertise on new machine learning methods for language technologies.

Sound is a significant future interface. More than half of Google searches are estimated to be voice-controlled in 2020. The market research agency Canalys has estimated that there will be nearly 100 million smart speakers in households this year. International giants like Amazon, Apple and Google are selling millions of smart speakers a year, and the Russian Yandex and the Chinese e-commerce company Alibaba have developed smart speakers for their own language areas.

“In the market for voice-controlled devices and applications, developers naturally focus on the major languages ​​to maximize the market potential of services. The ambitions of the current Finnish players are not limited to product development for our own small linguistic area, but companies need initial testing and references from the domestic market to succeed. Consumers will be excluded from these fast-growing services, unless we invest in Finnish resources,” says Development Director Tuomas Teuri from Vake.

Reference (only in Finnish): https://vake.fi/fitiedotteet/#150519

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Nordic Five Tech establishes new network for artificial intelligence

The Nordic AI Network aims to make the Nordic region a global hub in AI research, education and innovation.

The Nordic AI Network will begin activities already this year. Photo: Maria Knutson Wedel/Chalmers University of Technology.

The Nordic AI Network will begin activities already this year. Photo: Maria Knutson Wedel/Chalmers University of Technology.

Today, the Nordic Five Tech alliance of leading technical universities in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden announces the creation of the Nordic Artificial Intelligence Network. With global interest in the many opportunities of artificial intelligence (AI), the network will bring together, and harness, leading expertise in the field with the aim of taking the landmark step to make the region a global hub in AI research, education and innovation. 

The Nordic AI Network will begin activities already in 2019 with selected events. In coming years, it will share educational resources, stimulate research collaborations, as well as study and share best practices and business models for collaboration with industry. Its activities will, overall, set the stage to communicate Nordic excellence in the field of AI and obtain competitive funding at both the national and European levels. 

‘AI is set to change the world and the Nordics must be part of this tremendous shift. Bringing expertise from across our countries under one umbrella through the Nordic AI Network is a crucial step in making the Nordics a global hub in artificial intelligence. We are very pleased to launch the network and build up activities in coming months,’ says Ilkka Niemelä, President of Aalto University. 

‘The Nordic Five Tech alliance has very strong AI research groups. We are uniquely positioned to apply AI for the benefit of society both because it is a part of our mission as technical universities and due to our shared culture of collaborating with both the business community and public institutions. Together our alliance is stronger than the individual universities and we can share our best practices both in relation to research and education to the benefit of all in the Nordic region,’ says Anders O. Bjarklev, President of the Technical University of Denmark in Denmark. 

Made up of Aalto University, Chalmers University of Technology, the Technical University of Denmark (DTU), KTH Royal Institute of Technology and the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), the Nordic Five Tech universities are each home to research institutes and centres dedicated to AI, like the Finnish Center for Artificial Intelligence.

The decision to create the Nordic AI Network was made at the meeting of Nordic Five Tech presidents on 26 April 2019. 

More information:
Ville Kyrki
Associate Professor, Intelligent machines
ville.kyrki@aalto.fi
tel: +358504082035

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Prestigious board of advisors to support the impact of the Finnish Center for Artificial Intelligence

The Finnish Center for Artificial Intelligence FCAI has named an Impact Advisory Board with a broad spectrum of expertise.

The Impact Advisory Board (IAB) for the Finnish Center for Artificial Intelligence, had its kick-off meeting on April 15, 2019. Antti Vasara (CEO, VTT Oy) was selected to chair the board. The other members include Risto Siilasmaa (Chairman of the Board of Directors, Nokia and F-Secure), Academician Ilkka NiiniluotoIlona Lundström (Director General at the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment), Henry Tirri (CTO, InterDigital Inc.), and Ilkka Kivimäki (Venture capitalist, Maki.vc). 

FCAI is a competence center for Artificial Intelligence in Finland, initiated by Aalto University, University of Helsinki, and VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland in 2018. It gathers top researchers from different disciplines around a joint artificial intelligence agenda. FCAI aims to ensure that the innovations generated by excellent research will be taken in use and applied in business life and society. In addition, FCAI has a central role in carrying out the national artificial intelligence strategy.  

IAB supports FCAI to create impact by giving new viewpoints on the research agenda and by advising on impact creation on business and society. 

”FCAI is totally unique in connecting research excellence in artificial intelligence to applying the results in renewing the society and industries”, says Antti Vasara. “Artificial intelligence offers unlimited opportunities, and the versatile experience of the IAB members helps FCAI to direct these opportunities to build a better future.”

The Finnish Center for Artificial Intelligence has been granted over €8.3 million in funding from the Flagship Programme of the Academy of Finland. The first four-year funding period started in January 2019. Flagship status is granted to very few selected centers of excellence with high societal impact. The flagship status also strengthens the social standing of artificial intelligence research in Finland. The Flagship Programme includes six competence clusters in total.

FCAI Impact Advisory Board members Ilona Lundrsröm, Risto Siilasmaa, and Ilkka Kivimäki together with the chairman of the board, Antti Vasara (second from the left). Photo: Matti Ahlgren / Aalto University.

FCAI Impact Advisory Board members Ilona Lundrsröm, Risto Siilasmaa, and Ilkka Kivimäki together with the chairman of the board, Antti Vasara (second from the left). Photo: Matti Ahlgren / Aalto University.

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Changing how a country types

France adopts new keyboard standard created with state-of-the-art algorithm

As part of an international collaboration researchers at Aalto University have used computational methods to place keyboard characters for easier, more comfortable typing. The result is a new keyboard standard created with an advanced algorithm, introduced by France on 2 April 2019. Learn more: https://www.aalto.fi/news/changing-how-a-country-types Project website: http://www.norme-azerty.fr/

Keyboards touch our everyday lives yet, despite the well-known drawbacks of current layouts used across the globe, the position of characters has largely remained the same. Researchers at Aalto University, as part of an international collaboration, have now used computational methods to place keyboard characters for easier, more comfortable typing. The result is a new keyboard standard created with an advanced algorithm, introduced by France on 2 April 2019.  

‘Algorithms, like the ones we have developed for the French keyboard, can help us make better decisions. They can quickly evaluate the problems and benefits of different designs and achieve fair compromises. But they also need the guidance from humans who know about the problem,’ explains Dr Anna Maria Feit, the lead researcher of the project.

With concern voiced by the French government in 2015 on the existing keyboard—and its inability to support the proper use of French—priority was on creating a new standard that allows easy and quick use of required symbols. The algorithm created by the Aalto University-led team automatically arranged the characters in an optimal way.

The new AZERTY standard includes commonly used characters in the French language, such as œ, « », or É, as well as 60 other new characters, which are arranged in groups predicted by the algorithm, making the layout more intuitive to use. Characters like @ and / have been moved to more accessible locations, as have ligatures and accents.

‘When rearranging the symbols on the keyboard, there are conflicting things to consider,’ says Feit, who completed her doctoral studies at Aalto and now works at ETH Zurich.

‘Characters that get used the most should be moved to a position that is easy to reach. But if you move it a long way from where it was originally, people will take a long time to learn it and be less likely to use your new layout. You might also want to keep symbols that look similar and have similar functions together to make them easier to find and use, like the colon and the semi-colon, even though one gets used more than the other,’ she explains.

To inform the design, researchers built statistical models of character use in modern French, drawing on newspaper articles, French Wikipedia, legal texts, as well as emails, social media, and programming code. In contrast to previous work that assumes people use their fingers in certain ways, they gathered the key presses of over 900 people in a large-scale crowdsourcing study to see what counted as an ‘easy’ key press. In addition, they included state-of-the-art findings from ergonomics literature.

‘The trick to making the collaboration effective was using our data to build a tool that the French experts in the standardisation committee could put different conditions into, and see what the optimal keyboard that resulted from the data looked like,’ says Aalto University Professor Antti Oulasvirta.

Dr Mathieu Nancel, a former researcher at Aalto now based at Inria Lille – Nord Europe in France, brought the algorithm to the French committee and helped them to work with it. ‘Before we started working together, they tried to place over 100 characters by hand. Our tool allowed them to focus on higher-level goals, such as making typing special characters fast or keeping it similar to the previous layout,’ he says.

‘Together with the committee, we tried different parameters and discussed the layouts suggested by the computer algorithm. We could also change the layout by hand and the tool would tell us how this impacted typing speed or ergonomics. We then adapted the underlying computer model to also take into account, for example, cultural aspects and comments from the French public,’ Nancel adds.

The algorithm that Dr Feit and team produced for the French committee can easily be adapted for any language; it simply requires data for modelling. Most countries use the standard QWERTY keyboard—originally designed for the English language—despite frequently used accented characters or different styles of punctuation. Dr Feit hopes that the model produced for France could be used by other groups in the future.

‘Our goal is that in the future people and algorithms design user interfaces together,’ she says.

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The Alan Turing Institute to work with The Finnish Centre for Artificial Intelligence on data science research

The Alan Turing Institute and The Finnish Centre for Artificial Intelligence (FCAI) have signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU), formally creating an ambitious agreement centred around the Turing’s data-centric engineering programme, a major research programme funded by the Lloyd's Register Foundation.

The MOU will enable both institutions to embark on shared research and translation projects. This will include the development of AI methods to improve the diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy – a project which is establishing one of the largest data collections of retinal images and optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans in the world. Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes caused by high blood sugar levels damaging the back of the eye (retina). It can cause blindness if left undiagnosed and untreated. 

Adrian Smith, Institute Director, The Alan Turing Institute, said: “This is a significant international collaboration and I am delighted the Turing is now formally linked to one of the most dynamic research institutions in Europe. Together, we share a common goal of shaping the world we live in for the better and this collaboration will enable us to combine world-class expertise and apply data science and AI approaches to tackle real world problems.”

Prof M. A. Girolami the Turing’s Director of Data Centric Engineering programme (and Sir Kirby Laing Professor of Civil Engineering at the University of Cambridge and the Lloyds Register Foundation-Royal Academy of Engineering Research Chair in Data Centric Engineering) has been appointed as Adjunct Professor of Machine Learning at Aalto University, which will help develop the partnership.  

In addition, Professor Kimmo Kaski (former Academy Professor and Dean of the School of Science at Aalto University) is a Turing Rutherford Fellow and will continue to work as the Turing-FCAI Liaison Director. Professor Kimmo Kaski said: “I am excited about this strategic partnership between FCAI and The Alan Turing Institute – the world’s foremost data science and AI research set-up, as it gives us the opportunity to jointly further Turing’s unique and world-changing legacy in finding solutions to challenging problems around us by applying data science and AI to the most valuable resource, data, for common good and better services to us all.”

A number of other projects are currently being developed between FCAI and the Turing. Professor Samuel Kaski, director of FCAI said “We are looking forward to continuing the already existing collaboration with a number of Turing partners, and working on the new initiatives we identified based on our complementary strengths.”

Director of The Alan Turing Institute Adrian Smith and Director of Finnish Center for Artificial Intelligence Samuel Kaski

Director of The Alan Turing Institute Adrian Smith and Director of Finnish Center for Artificial Intelligence Samuel Kaski

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Working towards more diverse research community—Second annual WiDS conference in Helsinki

The second annual Women in Data Science (WiDS) Helsinki conference was organized in Biomedicum Helsinki on International Women’s Day, Friday, March 8. The conference gathered together around 50 researchers, students and representatives from private and public sector to learn and discuss the latest data science and artificial intelligence and applications in a wide set of domains. The program featured 10 female speakers presenting a variety of intriguing topics from sustainable smart cities to data science used in mental healthcare.

Mehreen Ali, the local WiDS Ambassador in Finland and doctoral student in the Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, explains that the three main goals of the event are to inspire, educate, and support the female researchers in the field. The communal spirit of WiDS was also underlined in the opening address by professor Jennifer Widom and was further supported by networking opportunities and panel discussion in afternoon.

WiDS Helsinki conference is part of the Global Women in Data Science conference networkthat aims to inspire and educate data scientists worldwide, regardless of gender, and support women in the field. The first WiDS conference was organized in Stanford University in 2015, and last year the conference had already spread to over 50 countries as the nearly 200 regional events organized in 2018 reached over 100 000 participants worldwide. 

WiDS events feature exclusively female speakers providing a refreshing example of possibilities to increase visibility of women researchers in the heavily male-dominated field of data science and artificial intelligence. FCAI and HIIT are committed to improving the diversity and gender-balance of the research community in data science and artificial intelligence and are proud to be among the sponsors of WiDS Helsinki 2019.

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2nd Women in Data Science (WiDS) Conference – Helsinki Chapter

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The Global Women in Data Science (WiDS) Conference (widsconference.org) aims to inspire and educate data scientists worldwide, regardless of gender, and support women in the field. This annual one-day technical conference provides an opportunity to hear about the latest data science related research and applications in a broad set of domains.

The regional event will be happening in Meilahti, Helsinki. Those interested in Data Science are invited to participate in the conference, irrespective of the gender, which features exclusively female speakers for inspiring talks on the latest technical advancement and applications in data science. Besides, we will also broadcast the recorded sessions from WiDS Stanford 2019. There will also be an opportunity to network with people working on data science as well.

Follow WiDS on Facebook @ facebook.com/widshelsinki/ and Twitter #widshelsinki2019.

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Finnish political leaders discuss the future of AI on Yle

The Finnish public broadcaster Yle gathered the leaders of the major political parties to discuss the future of AI in early February. FCAI’s professor Jaakko Lehtinen together with philosopher Maija-Riitta Ollila commented on the debate on Yle KIOSKIxAI program.

The panel addressed numerous themes from ethics and economics to the importance of research and education of AI. The politicians shared their views on ways AI will impact societal factors including work and employment, communication, decision-making and social retribution during and after the next parliamentary term. 

You can watch the whole discussion on Yle Areena (in Finnish): https://areena.yle.fi/1-50065570

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MIT Professor Tommi Jaakkola shared his wisdom on applying AI in other fields

Photo: Matti Ahlgren / Aalto University

Photo: Matti Ahlgren / Aalto University

The Helsinki Distinguished Lecture Series on Future Information Technology got an excellent start for 2019, when the large auditorium of the Otaniemi TUAS building was packed full for Tommi Jaakkola‘s talk. He is a world class researcher and an acclaimed teacher whose work focuses on both foundational theory and applications of machine learning. He received his Master’s degree from Helsinki University of Technology, did his PhD at MIT, and joined the MIT faculty in 1998.

The talk, titled “Modeling with Machine Learning: Challenges and Some Solutions”, consisted of two parts. The first part illustrated how AI can be used as a tool to accelerate and transform other areas of science and engineering. By enabling complex inferences to be made from data, machine learning extends the reach of modeling to phenomena that are not well-understood yet. The second part of the talk gave an overview of efforts to make machine learning models more interpretable. While major advances have been made in achieving good performance in complex tasks, understanding how the models work is often difficult even for an expert. These two challenges, construction of sophisticated models and improving interpretability, are typically seen as two different subfields of machine learning research, but one of the main conclusions of the talk was that significant synergy is emerging.

To demonstrate how AI can accelerate progress in other areas, Professor Jaakkola presented some of the work he and his collaborators have done in chemistry. Vast amounts of underused information exist in databases, literature, and researchers’ notebooks. In an attempt to accelerate drug design, they have created models that predict the properties of a molecule on the basis its structure. They have also worked on predicting the major products of chemical reactions, achieving a level of performance on par with human experts.

Their approach to improving interpretability is based on the observation that although a full understanding of a complex model cannot be simple, there are ways to facilitate “local” understanding of how individual inputs are processed. This can be done even with existing models by repeatedly modifying the input and observing the effect on the output. When creating new models, constraints can be applied to internal structures to make them locally interpretable.

One of the key challenges in machine learning is to get beyond the training data with models that capture fundamental aspects of the domain. In drug design, for example, computational exploration of new chemical spaces would be even more valuable than working within the boundaries of the chemical diversity present in the data. Jaakkola proposes incorporating more domain knowledge, such as integrated physics calculations, in machine learning methods to achieve this kind of deep generalizations.

The importance of domain knowledge has implications on how research and education in AI should be organized. Jaakkola stated that taking AI successfully into other fields can only be done by “teams of three”: an AI expert, a domain expert, and a person knowledgeable about both. Here in Finland, the research agenda of FCAI is based on similar ideas of cross-disciplinary collaboration.

Applying AI Across Fields also means that a broader variety of people should have access to relevant education. At MIT, Professor Jaakkola is teaching a course titled Introduction to Machine Learning, which has become popular among students in other disciplines besides computer science. Alexander Jung has had a lot of success with a similar course at Aalto University, and Elements of AI, led by Teemu Roos, targets an even broader audience with the objective of educating 1% of the Finnish population in the basics of AI.

video recording of Tommi Jaakola’s talk is available and highly recommended to everyone.

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New machine learning method enables deeper understanding of pathogenic bacteria

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A research team led by FCAI professor Jukka Corander has created a new machine learning method for the analysis of bacterial genomes. Thanks to its computational efficiency, the new method can handle an order of magnitude larger data sets than the previous methods, and is applicable at the level of pangenomes of most pathogenic bacteria. The current focus of the team is on the pneumococcus and the meningococcus, which are major causes of life-threatening diseases such as pneumonia, sepsis and meningitis, and frequently cause also other milder diseases. Their results display important findings on the evolution of both virulence and antibiotic resistance in populations of these bacteria. The research is part of professor Corander’s ERC AdG project which develops scalable inference methods for infectious disease epidemiology.

A manuscript describing the method and the first results is available at bioRxiv.

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Teemu Roos emphasises the role of universities in realising the benefits of AI

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Artificial Intelligence is expected to provide solutions to a wide variety of problems and needs, but in order to realise the benefits while minimising the damage, long-term research and broad access to education are needed, says Teemu Roos, associate professor at the Department of Computer Science at the University of Helsinki.

Much of artificial intelligence research is multidisciplinary. It is often slow and requires long-term funding.

“It may take years for people from various fields to learn to talk with each other. Projects often last a couple of years, and launching them is risky, if there is no certainty about continuing funding,” says Roos.

He thinks that universities receive too little recognition for the artificial intelligence research they conduct.

“There is a great deal of talk about research conducted by Google, IBM and Facebook. Yet the individuals working in these companies have been educated by universities. Secondly, without the university ecosystem, the majority of companies could not utilise artificial intelligence. Large companies may conduct their own research and product development, but even they don’t have the desire or resources to conduct the critical basic research on which innovations are based.”

AI being a hot topic, decision-makers in politics and the corporate world easily lose sight of the difference between experts and “experts”. Genuine expertise is needed to ensure that the Finnish population can be trained to recognise the possibilities and dangers inherent in artificial intelligence – for example, the potential to shape opinions.

“When it comes to issues related to artificial intelligence, researchers are the experts you should listen to,” says Roos.

These thoughts are well in line with FCAI’s mission to create Real AI for Real People in the Real World. In addition to his distinguished research in machine learning, Roos himself is the lead instructor of the Elements of AI online course that aims to educate 1% of the Finnish population to understand the basics of artificial intelligence.

For the full interview, please see the University of Helsinki website.

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Finnish Machine Learning Research Behind Acclaimed Acquisition Deal

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Ekahau, the leading solution provider for enterprise wireless network design and troubleshooting, has been acquired by Ookla. Artturi Tarjanne, a general partner of Nexit Ventures, thanks in his blog the “super talented CoSCo research team behind innovations and magic of Ekahau technology” (see Nexit’s Best Exit Ever). The researchers behind the technology that led to the establishment of Ekahau in 2000 were Henry Tirri, Petri Myllymäki, Teemu Roos, Kimmo Valtonen, Tomi Silander, Petri Kontkanen, Antti Tuominen, Jussi Lahtinen and Hannes Wettig, forming the core of the CoSCo research group of the University of Helsinki and HIIT at the time.

The size of the deal is not public information, but Helsingin Sanomat, the main Finnish newspaper, estimates it to be in the range of 100-130 M€. Petri Myllymäki, who is currently the Director of HIIT and vice-director of the Finnish Center for Artificial Intelligence, comments: “After the 18 long years when Ekahau had to first face the burst of the IT bubble in 2001, and then later struggle with problems in finding the right business model, I was very happy to hear these good news about the company that started on ideas based on our long-term basic research in machine learning. As the story in Helsingin Sanomat says, the journey was unfortunately so long and winding that for the original innovators this is no longer a great personal financial success, but this is still a great a success story for Finnish science and more widely for the Finnish society: according to Tarjanne, the majority of the 75 professionals employed by Ekahau are located in Finland, so the impact on local high-tech employment alone has already been substantial. This is a prime example of what top-level Finnish AI research can lead to. Kudos to the Nexit and Ekahau teams for not losing their faith and for all the hard work they have done during these years!”

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